{"id":11029,"date":"2021-02-26T14:04:04","date_gmt":"2021-02-26T13:04:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/us.edu.pl\/wydzial\/wh\/?p=11029"},"modified":"2021-02-26T14:10:23","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T13:10:23","slug":"najwazniejsze-osiagniecia-badawcze-2020-r-prof-dr-hab-przemyslaw-marciniak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/us.edu.pl\/wydzial\/wh\/2021\/02\/26\/najwazniejsze-osiagniecia-badawcze-2020-r-prof-dr-hab-przemyslaw-marciniak\/","title":{"rendered":"NAJWA\u017bNIEJSZE OSI\u0104GNI\u0118CIA BADAWCZE 2020 R. \u2013 prof. dr hab. Przemys\u0142aw Marciniak"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kolejn\u0105 pozycj\u0105 cyklu pt. \u201eNajwa\u017cniejsze osi\u0105gni\u0119cia badawcze 2020r.\u201d, kt\u00f3r\u0105 chcemy Pa\u0144stwa zainteresowa\u0107, jest projekt badawczy \u201eW stron\u0119 bizanty\u0144skiej zoopoetyki. Ludzie i zwierz\u0119ta w Bizancjum (X-XII wiek)\u201d prof. dr hab. Przemys\u0142awa Marciniaka<\/a> z Instytutu Literaturoznawstwa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″]\r\n

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\"Najwa\u017cniejsze<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_tta_tabs][vc_tta_section title=”POLISH” tab_id=”1614344359140-0be54854-7bd6″]\r\n

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Wszystko, co chcieli\u015bcie wiedzie\u0107 o bizanty\u0144skich zwierz\u0119tach,
\na nawet nie wiedzieli\u015bcie, \u017ce mo\u017cna o to zapyta\u0107.<\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n

W stron\u0119 bizanty\u0144skiej zoopoetyki. Ludzie i zwierz\u0119ta
\nw Bizancjum (X-XII wiek)<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Czy to prawda, \u017ce pch\u0142a to w\u0142a\u015bciwie taka pantera, tylko mniejsza?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> To \u015bmia\u0142e por\u00f3wnanie, ale by\u0142y takie badania, w XI wieku. Wybitny uczony, Micha\u0142 Psellos, nauczyciel wielu cesarzy, og\u0142osi\u0142 je drukiem, to znaczy manuskryptem.\u00a0 R\u00f3wnie atrakcyjnie pisa\u0142 te\u017c o mniejszych\u00a0 wersjach\u00a0 s\u0142oni, czyli \u00a0pluskwach!<\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Czy ugryzienie\u00a0 przez pch\u0142\u0119 przynosi szcz\u0119\u015bcie?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> Psellos (tak, ten od pche\u0142 i panter) mia\u0142 ucznia Sergiusza,\u00a0 kt\u00f3rego podobno pch\u0142a nigdy\u00a0 nie ugryz\u0142a. A przecie\u017c cz\u0119ste pogryzienie to oznaka tego, \u017ce krew ofiary jest s\u0142odka, atrakcyjna, niczym najlepsze wino. Mo\u017ce zatem szcz\u0119\u015bcia nie przynosi, ale na pewno podnosi presti\u017c!<\/p>\n

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\"Bizanty\u0144skie
Bizanty\u0144skie pluskwy z manuskryptu Vat. Chis. 53<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Czy to prawda, \u017ce kot cesarzowej jada\u0142 ze z\u0142otych talerzy?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> Mehlebe (tak, cesarzowa uzna\u0142a, \u017ce kot zas\u0142uguje na eleganckie arabskie imi\u0119) jada\u0142 ze z\u0142otych talerzy i chadza\u0142 na posiedzenia Senatu (to mo\u017ce du\u017co powiedziane, raczej by\u0142 noszony). Jeszcze sto lat p\u00f3\u017aniej opowiadano sobie t\u0119 histori\u0119.<\/p>\n

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\"czarny
Z powodu braku manuskrypt\u00f3w z bizanty\u0144skimi kotami, kot nale\u017c\u0105cy do bizantynisty (i nosz\u0105cy imi\u0119 po bizanty\u0144skim cesarzu).<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Czy bizanty\u0144skie psy potrafi\u0142y m\u00f3wi\u0107?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> To potrafi\u0142 Pankracy. Ale bizanty\u0144skie psy mia\u0142y wiele innych zalet \u2013 Nikefor Basilakes (taki pisarz z XII wieku, kt\u00f3ry du\u017co pisa\u0142 o w\u0142asnych utworach, kt\u00f3re spali\u0142) wspomina psa-przewodnika \u015blepca.<\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Dlaczego cenimy o\u015bmiornice?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> O\u015bmiornica zmienia kolor, by ukry\u0107 si\u0119 przed napastnikiem i potrafi tak mocno przywrze\u0107 do ska\u0142y, \u017ce ta umiej\u0119tno\u015b\u0107 sta\u0142a si\u0119 przys\u0142owiowa. Niestety, na surowo jest obrzydliwa w smaku.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"O\u015bmiornica
O\u015bmiornica z manuskryptu Paris, Bibl. Sainte-Genevi\u00e8ve, ms. 3401 (XVI w.) zawieraj\u0105cego utw\u00f3r Manuela Philesa O w\u0142a\u015bciwo\u015bciach zwierz\u0105t.<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pytanie:<\/strong> Dlaczego nie cenimy myszy?<\/p>\n

Odpowied\u017a:<\/strong> Przekl\u0119te zwierz\u0119ta! \u017badnego z nich po\u017cytku, zakradaj\u0105 si\u0119 noc\u0105 do spi\u017carni, wyjadaj\u0105 zapasy, ha\u0142asuj\u0105 w mieszkaniu. Chocia\u017c ta jedna mysz z XII wieku, kt\u00f3ra cytuje Psalmy i udaje, \u017ce jest mnichem, przypuszczalnie wyr\u00f3\u017cnia\u0142a si\u0119 inteligencj\u0105.<\/p>\n

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Tyle pyta\u0144, a na razie tak ma\u0142o odpowiedzi. Czemu bizanty\u0144skie zwierz\u0119ta niemal zawsze s\u0105 bezimienne? Czemu prawie nic nie wiemy o zwierz\u0119tach domowych\u00a0 (zupe\u0142nie inaczej ni\u017c w literaturze, kt\u00f3ra powstaje w tym samym czasie na zachodzie Europy)? Czy Bizanty\u0144czycy uwa\u017cali, \u017ce zwierz\u0119ta si\u0119 ze sob\u0105 komunikuj\u0105? Ile dodali do staro\u017cytnej wiedzy Arystotelesa, Eliana, Timotheosa z Gazy?\u00a0\u00a0 Na te i\u00a0 inne pytania w czasie trwania czteroletniego\u00a0 projektu OPUS W stron\u0119 bizanty\u0144skiej zoopoetyki, Ludzie i\u00a0 zwierz\u0119ta w Bizancjum (X-XII wiek<\/em>)<\/strong> kt\u00f3ry koncentruje si\u0119 na czasach tak zwanego \u015bredniego Bizancjum (X-XII wiek) postara si\u0119 odpowiedzie\u0107 tr\u00f3jka ludzi: Przemys\u0142aw Marciniak<\/strong> (kierownik projektu), Tristan Schmidt<\/strong> i Katarzyna Warcaba<\/strong>. W czasie jego trwania zaplanowano te\u017c inne wydarzenia: warsztaty o morskich stworzeniach w \u015bredniowieczu, mi\u0119dzynarodow\u0105 konferencj\u0119 po\u015bwi\u0119con\u0105 fantastycznym zwierz\u0119tom w literaturze bizanty\u0144skiej, a tak\u017ce wyk\u0142ady zagranicznych go\u015bci. A na koniec projektu, opr\u00f3cz publikacji w czasopismach i monografii podsumowuj\u0105cej badania, uka\u017ce si\u0119 w wydawnictwie Routledge tom, kt\u00f3ry b\u0119dzie pierwszym kompletnym opracowaniem wielu zagadnie\u0144 dotycz\u0105cych zwierz\u0105t w Bizacjum, od jego\u00a0 pocz\u0105tk\u00f3w a\u017c do upadku w 1453 roku. W kwietniu tego roku uka\u017ce si\u0119 pierwsza publikacja autorstwa Katarzyny Warcaby i Przemys\u0142awa Marciniaka, b\u0119d\u0105ca efektem projektu \u2013 komentowane wydanie (przygotowane na podstawie manuskryptu) i angielskie t\u0142umaczenie utworu o wy\u015bcigach\u00a0 konnych.<\/p>\n

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A poniewa\u017c nie-bizanty\u0144skie zwierz\u0119ta s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie interesuj\u0105ce, zaplanowali\u015bmy te\u017c r\u00f3\u017cne wydarzenia og\u00f3lnozwierz\u0119ce, kt\u00f3re pewnie wydarz\u0105 si\u0119 dopiero, kiedy \u015bwiat troch\u0119 znormalnieje: konkursy dla dzieci, koncert muzyki, kt\u00f3rej motywem przewodnim s\u0105 zwierz\u0119ta. Na razie, razem z Magdalen\u0105 B\u0105k<\/strong>, polonistk\u0105, organizujemy wyk\u0142ady specjalist\u00f3w, zajmuj\u0105cych si\u0119 zwierz\u0119tami w literaturze Zooming in on Animals.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u017baden bizanty\u0144ski insekt i \u017cadna o\u015bmiornica nie zostan\u0105 skrzywdzone w czasie trwania projektu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”ENGLISH” tab_id=”1614344359167-951ca89a-f1c1″]\r\n

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Everything you wanted to know about Byzantine animals,
\nbut you even don\u2019t know you could ask <\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n

Towards Byzantine Zoopoetics. Humans and Non-Human Animals in Byzantium (10th<\/sup>-12th<\/sup> Centuries)<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Question:<\/strong> Is it true that a flea is just a smaller version of a panther?<\/p>\n

Answer<\/strong>: This is a bold comparison, but such research was indeed conducted. In the eleventh century, a polymath and tutor of many emperors named Michael Psellos made this claim. His research on bedbugs as smaller versions of elephants \u00a0was equally attractive!<\/p>\n

Question<\/strong>: Does a \u00a0flea bite bring luck?<\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong> Psellos (yes, the one who wrote about fleas and panthers) once had a pupil names Sergios, who allegedly was never bitten by a flea. But being bitten often by fleas \u00a0means that your blood is sweet and alluring as the best of wines. So, perhaps such a bite doesn\u2019t bring luck but definitely contributes to your prestige!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Bizanty\u0144skie
Byzantine bedbugs, Vat. Chis. 53<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Question:<\/strong> Is it true that Empress\u2019s cat used to eat from golden plates?<\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong> Mehlebe (yes, an imperial cat deserves a refined Arabic name) used to eat from golden plates and he had his own servants who carried him to the Senate’s meetings. Such stories were told years after he passed away.<\/p>\n

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\"czarny
Since there are no manuscript illustrations of a cat, the next best thing: a cat owned by a Byzantinist and named after one of the Byzantine emperors.<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Question:<\/strong> Were Byzantine dogs able to speak?<\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong> You are confusing them with PAW Patrol<\/em>. However, Byzantine dogs were able to do many other useful things. Nikephoros Basilakes (a twelfth-century author who burnt part of his texts and then wrote about them) mentions a dog trained to be a blind man\u2019s guide dog.<\/p>\n

Question<\/strong>: Why do we appreciate octopuses?<\/p>\n

Answer<\/strong>: An octopus changes its color so it can hide from predators and its ability to cling to rocks has become proverbial. Unfortunately, when eaten raw it is just disgusting.<\/p>\n

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\"O\u015bmiornica
Octopus from a manuscript, Bibl. Sainte-Genevi\u00e8ve, ms. 3401 (XVI w.) containing Manuel Philes\u2019 work On the Qualities of Animals<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Question:<\/strong> Why don\u2019t we appreciate mice?<\/p>\n

Answer:<\/strong> Wretched creatures! They are of no use, they raid our pantries and they\u2019re so noisy! Although this one mouse from the twelfth century who quotes Psalms and pretend to be a monk was quite impressive.<\/p>\n

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So many questions and (so far) so few answers. Why do Byzantine animals remain almost always nameless? Why is information about pets so scarce (unlike in Western Europe)? Did the Byzantines think that animals communicated with each other? How much did Byzantine writers add to ancient knowledge gathered by Aristotle, Aelian and Timotheos of Gaza? These and many more questions should be answered by non-animal humans (Przemys\u0142aw Marciniak, Tristan Schmidt and Katarzyna Warcaba<\/strong>) working for the NCN funded project Towards Byzantine Zoopoetics. Humans and Non-Human Animals in Byzantium (10th<\/sup>-12th<\/sup> Centuries)<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

We have also planned a wide range of other scholarly events, which will take place during the course of the project: a workshop about aquafauna in the Global Middle Ages, an international conference in Katowice, and lectures by international guests. The project’s outcome will be a series of papers, a monograph (under contract with Routledge), and finally, a Handbook of Byzantine Animals <\/em>co-edited with Andreas Rhoby from Vienna. So far, Katarzyna Warcaba and Przemys\u0142aw Marciniak have prepared a new annotated edition and an English\u00a0 translation of a poem describing horse races (to be published in April 2021).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

And since non-Byzantine animals are equally impressive, we have also planned events for the general public, which will be possible when some degree of normality will return: a concert of animal-inspired music, workshops for children, and so on. So far, together with Magdalena B\u0105k<\/strong>, a specialist in Polish literature, we have organized a public lecture series Zooming in on Animals. <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

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Disclaimer<\/p>\n

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No Byzantine insects and octopuses will be harmed during the project.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>[\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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